The article examines current legal issues of state economic cooperation within the frameworks of Eurasian interstate mechanisms of economic cooperation and integration. In particular, we investigated thelegal aspects of cooperation among member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)in the transport and logistics sector. The importance of development of transport infrastructure in theframework of the SCO is determined by its operation in the complex geopolitical and geo-economic realities. The author explores the basic international legal instruments of the SCO, relating to the transport sector; also the latest empirical material is examined. The peculiarities and disadvantages of the legal regulation of the transport and logistics activity are identified.The author examines the actual problem of connection of the modern Eurasian mechanisms of state cooperation in terms of the creation an efficient transport infrastructure and concludes that the latest transport initiatives of China and Russia can effectively be implemented on the basis of the SCO. Connection of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEC) and the Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB) with the SCO as an institutionalized international organization and an effective platform for the development of coordinated decisions is expected to be optimal. The combination of these mechanisms will create anew model of economic cooperation. The construction and modernization of transcontinental transport highways seems as the basis for the practical implementation of the connection of the Eurasian integration mechanisms. The author considers the mechanisms of international legal regulation of rail transportwithin the SCO. In the article the major obstacles and recommendations for the effective functioning of the railway communication are identified for the first time. In the article international legal regulationof the automobile communication in the SCO and the current legal framework of the international road transport is investigated. The author concludes that the existing international legal regulation of state cooperation in the transport and logistics sector in the SCO allows effective development of a modern transport infrastructure, the formation of which involves the intensification of the cooperation amongstates of the SCO in other fields and would stimulate economic integration of the Eurasian states.