2010. No. 4

This article analyzes the views on the relationship between law and economics. For amore in-depth study of this problem, an attempt is made to examine it from three sides (historical, economic, legal). To study the problem resourses of anthropological, phenom-enological, and synergistic methods have been applied at maximum. It might be relevant to assume that the proposed version of correlation between economics and law will contributeto implementing legal and economic reforms in a more coherent and efficient way, and to creating basic conditions for the innovative development of economy.

Relationships among law, religion, ethics, and politics are a subject matter for research­es on both theory of law and comparative law. Different legal cultures have their specific features concerning correlation between law and other social norms. Some legal systems are based on the rule of law and other prioritise religious principles. These contradictionsacquire special relevance in Europe with the emergence of Muslim minorities. Legal mea­sures taken to solve these contradictions are inefficient to overcome tense conflicts causedby a still growing role of Islam in some European countries.

The article is an analysis of the specifics of system in canon law. The author proves (based on the history of western canon law), that system of canon law cannot be assessedwith the criteria applicable to secular law. Systematized secular law is a system of the secu­lar law per se, while the system of canon law is a legal expression of systematized theology.

The article analyzes the RF President’s power to cancel resolutions and orders of the Government, the RF President’s power to suspend the force of acts adopted by executive bodies in the RF subjects, and, inter alia, the discussion of the problems at the President’sConstitutional Meeting.

States may stipulate laws and rules, specifying conditions for foreigners to be admit­ted to another state’s territory. Tightening requirements and making new restrictions for people who are going to visit a foreign country are one of efficient tools of foreign policy.International law has no norms obliging states to motivate the denial for a foreigner’s ad­mission into a foreign territory. The state cannot deny the admission for a foreigner if it contradicts obligations of the state implied in agreements concluded between the state ofresidence and an international intergovernmental organisation or in the treaties on privi­leges and immunities of international organisations.

The article covers principal provisions of the UN Convention on Contracts for the In­ternational Carriage of Goods Wholly or Partly by Sea. The study focuses on the specifics of acting legal regimes of liability for failing to preserve goods under carriage by sea andshows the necessity to make a uniform legal regulation. The article also shows wide bound­aries for applying the new Convention compared to the apllicable one and the liability kept by the carrier for failing to preserve goods and for delaying its delivery. The difference hasbeen given between negotiable and non-negotiable transport documents, and an electronictransport record has been described as an alternative to a «hard copy» document. The ar­ticle is also supplied with considering issues of period of time for suit, jurisdiction, andarbitration.

In the article the author tackles the problem of making up subject matter in a contractfor design and survey work in construction business as a requisite which being ignored maymake contract void. The main idea is that subject matter of contract involves object of legalrelations and subject matter of obligation. Subject matter of contract for design and sur­vey work is treated as a result of agreement where meeting of minds is aimed at obtainingproject materials.

In the article the techniques of committing crimes, aimed at illegal corporate seizuresis analyzed. The authors come to a conclusion that every type of such crimes is a sys­tem of connected orchestrated actions for preparing, commiting and covering up a crime(crimes), aimed at committing an illegal corporate seizure. These actions have significant and various illegal potential. Scientific analysis of such crimes has allowed the authors tostudy the most typical ways of committing illegal corporate seizures and to show other crimes which tend to be integral part.

This article focuses on the American experience of guaranteeing decisional indepen­dence of judges. Historically the United States turned to be the pioneer in the area of leg­islative regulation of the status of judiciary power. With forming the normative base of bothfunctioning of judiciary and the status of judges the following factor (which was repeatedlyemphasized by the Founding Fathers) was taken into consideration: actual separation of powers is impossible without independent judiciary, and thus institutional independence ofjudiciary is impossible without decisional independence of individual judges. The articleincludes some comments of American judges regarding the essence generating prestige andinstitutional independence of the American judiciary and the qualities necessary for a goodjudge. The article also describes the doctrine of judicial activism.

The article is devoted to the semiotic analysis of the ontological structure of law. Theauthor considers the legal situation as the basis of this structure. Particular attention is paid to the subject of law and its value judgments. The conclusions contained in the articleabout the law as an element of culture are relevant for modern legal methodology.

Transactions of Round Table at XI International Conference on the problems of the development of economy and society in the State University – Higher School of Econo­mics, 2010.