Current Development of the Legal System of the Kyrgyz Republic
Abstract
The article is dedicated to the main directions of reforming the legal system of the Kyrgyz Republic at the modern stage in the context of the dualism of law. The main branches of private and public law are studied. The methodology of conceptual analysis of the legal system of the Kyrgyz Republic reform is applied. The basic directions of public law reform include the reform of criminal and administrative legislation. The novels of criminal, criminal procedural, civil, civil procedural and administrative procedural legislation are analyzed. The main directions of criminal legislation reforming are the humanization of justice, transition from repressive measures of criminal-legal influence, unloading of the penitentiary system, as well as the development and implementation of new mechanisms of influence on convicts and measures of their re-socialization are examined. Theoretical and legal analysis of the introduction of the three-tier system “felony, misdemeanor, offence“ allows to analyze the tendencies of the criminal legislation development. In 2017, a new version of the Criminal Code of the Kyrgyz Republic, the Code of the Kyrgyz Republic on Misdemeanors and the Code of the Kyrgyz Republic on Offences were adopted. They will come into legal force on January 1, 2019. The novels of the criminal legislation are misdemeanor and probation supervision. The international experience of applying misdemeanor on the example of countries of Anglo-Saxon (common) law and Romano-German law is analyzed. In order to humanize criminal legislation, the Code of the Kyrgyz Republic on Misdemeanors was firstly adopted, that contains 122 misdemeanors, among them crimes of small gravity of varying degrees of public danger and some administrative offenses. As part of legal reform in the Kyrgyz Republic, the Administrative Procedural Code of the Kyrgyz Republic and the Law of the Kyrgyz Republic “On Mediation” were adopted for the first time. The implementation of mediation as an alternative dispute resolution is a significant step in the development of civil society, democratic and lawful state in the Kyrgyz Republic. Reforming the legal system of the Kyrgyz Republic should begin with the preparation of a conceptual framework, which provides determination of a single direction of its development.
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