Characteristics of Evidencing and Investigating Money-Laundering in Slovak Republic
Abstract
The study aims at selected problems and specifics appearing in the field of revealing and presenting evidence regarding, and conducting investigation of, the crime of money-laundering. The knowledge provided in the study is based on the conclusions which were received at academic research project “The Development of New Methods Implemented in the Area of Seizing the Proceeds of Crime and Combating Money-Laundering” (VD 20072010819) run at the Police Academy of the Czech Republic. The presented study deals, in a shortened form, with forensic characteristics of money-laundering and specifics of the process of evidencing and investigating the criminal activity. It focuses especially on the forensic features of money-laundering, situations arising in the course of evidencing, specialties of the object of investigation, and typical forensic traces of the criminal activity. The characteristic features of money-laundering are character and form of profits from predicative crime, methods of money-laundering, subject of crime and motive. The process of money-laundering have three stages for transferring them to legal sector, there are: investment, separation and integration of profits from criminal activities. The main accent is given on detailed consideration of methods of money-laundering which are based on the practical information collected so far. For classification traces of money-laundering is necessary oriented on the three basic components: character of predicative crime, form of criminal profits and subject, through are legalized. In article in a short form are described the features of investigation of money-laundering, the acts as concealment of traces, concealment of a source of an origin of the income, change of their type, legalization process control. To basics for initiation of legal proceedings belongs information from the special persons, who know or must know about operations of money-laundering due to professional duties, and must to report about that to law enforcement agencies. There are described the standard investigative situations, investigative versions, including the organization and planning of investigation.
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