Digital Ruble as a National Digital Currency: Issues and Prospects of Development in Context of World Experience
Abstract
The article examines aspects of using digital ruble as a national digital currency. The author notes the current trend in many countries to introduce digital currencies of Central banks, which began in some countries in 2020. The digital ruble, issued and controlled by the Central Bank of Russia, will facilitate access to digital tools for the population and business, increase the efficiency and attractiveness of cross-border payments to friendly countries. The global experience of introducing digital currencies of central banks into legal and financial systems has shown that they have already been implemented or are in the final stages of implementation in China, Singapore, the Republic of Korea and a number of other countries. An analysis of the regulatory framework for digital currencies of the central banks of these countries has demonstrated the existence of a holistic legislative regulation of the legal status of new digital assets. At the same time, the study revealed the aspects of legal regulating digital ruble in Russia, associated with the lack of comprehensive legislative consolidation of the institution and the basic principles of functioning of the digital ruble. Currently, the regulation of this financial unit is mainly in the sphere of acts of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. In addition, there is a low quality of the related legal framework that allows for conflicts, in particular, the simultaneous authorization and prohibition of the use of digital currencies as a means of payment and counter-provision in Russia. In this regard, based on the generalization of the experience of foreign countries, directions for improving the current legislation are given expressed in the Law On the Digital Ruble of the Russian Federation, amendments to the Law On Digital Financial Assets, as well as adjustments to the approaches to the introduction of the digital ruble in the financial system of the Russian Federation. It will be able to maintain the functioning the digital ruble and reduce risks for financial market participants.
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